Product name

Formamid

Molecular formula

CH₃NO 

Molecular weight

45.04

CAS NO.

75-12--7

EINECS

200-842-0 

Melting point

2-3℃

Boiling point

210℃

Water soluble

Miscible with water

Density

1.134 g/mL 25℃ 

Appearance

Colorless transparent liquid

Flash point

154.4℃

Application

Used as spinning solvent and organic synthesis intermediate 

Security description

S 53-45-36/37/39-26-23

Hazard symbol

T 

Risk description

R 61-41-37/38

Use

Formamide has active reactivity and special solubility, and can be used as an organic synthetic raw material, a paper treating agent, a softener for the fiber industry, a softener for animal glue, and an analytical reagent for determining the amino acid content in rice. In organic synthesis, there are many uses in medicine, and there are many uses in pesticides, dyes, pigments, perfumes, and auxiliaries.

Used as an intermediate to synthesize imidazole, pyrimidine, 1,3,5-triazine, caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine. Used as a raw material for dyes, perfumes, pigments, binders, textile auxiliaries, paper treatment agents, etc. Raw materials for the production of formic acid and dimethylformamide.

It is also an excellent organic solvent, mainly used in spinning and ion exchange resins of acrylonitrile copolymers, as well as antistatic coating or conductive coating of plastic products. In addition, it is also used to separate chlorosilanes, purify oils, and the like. Formamide can undergo a variety of reactions, in addition to the participation of three hydrogens in the reaction, dehydration, CO removal, introduction of amino groups, introduction of acyl groups and cyclization reactions.

Take the ring as an example. Diethyl malonate is cyclized with formamide to give the intermediate 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine of vitamin B4. Cycling of anthranilic acid with an amide to obtain an antiarrhythmogenic intermediate quinazolin-4. 3-Amino-4-ethoxycarbonylpyrazole is cyclized with formamide to obtain xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol . Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is cyclized with formamide to obtain an anticancer drug, ethylimine. The methyl methoxymalonate is cyclized with formamide to give the intermediate 5-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine disodium of the sulfonamide.