Agrochemicals

Tebuconazole is a triazole fungicide. It is a high-efficiency fungicide used for seed treatment or leaf spraying of important economic crops. It can also conduct to the top of the object and kill the bacteria in the object. Its bactericidal mechanism is mainly to inhibit the biosynthesis of ergosterol of pathogenic bacteria, and can prevent and control diseases caused by powdery mildew, stem rust, coracospora, nuclear cavity bacteria and chaetospora. At present, it is used as seed treatment agent and foliar spray all over the world. It has broad spectrum of bactericidal activity, high activity and long duration. It is mainly used to control a variety of fungal diseases on wheat, rice, peanuts, vegetables, bananas, apples, pears, corn sorghum and other crops.

N-Methylmorpholine is an important fine chemical product. It is an excellent solvent, emulsifier, corrosion inhibitor, polyurethane foam catalyst, and can also be used as pesticide intermediate. It is also used in the synthesis of surfactant, lubricant coolant, metal antirust agent, fiber treatment agent and other fine chemical products. The main synthesis methods are N-methylation method using morpholine as raw material, cyclization method using diethanolamine as raw material, cyclization method using diethanolamine as raw material and synthesis method using dichloroethane as raw material.

Pyridine is a six membered heterocyclic compound containing one aza atom, that is, a compound formed by the substitution of one carbon in benzene molecule with nitrogen. It is similar to benzene in that it has the same electronic structure and still has aromaticity. Pyridine and its derivatives are more stable than benzene, and their reactivity is similar to nitrobenzene. Due to the electron absorption of nitrogen atoms in the ring, the electron density at positions 2, 4 and 6 is lower than that at positions 3 and 5. The typical aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction occurs at positions 3 and 5, but the reactivity is lower than that of benzene, so it is generally not easy to nitration, halogenation and sulfonation. In addition, these substitution reactions are carried out in acidic medium. Pyridine forms positively charged ions, which make electrophilic reagents inaccessible. The halogens of 2-or 4-halopyridines are active. Because of the low electron density at positions 2 and 6, nucleophilic substitution reactions can take place at these positions, such as reaction with sodium amino or potassium hydroxide, to give corresponding 2-aminopyridine or 2-hydroxypyridine. Pyridine can also be used as denaturant and dyeing aid in industry, as well as the starting material for synthesis of a series of products, including drugs, disinfectants, dyes, food seasonings, adhesives, explosives and so on. Pyridine is toxic, inhalation, ingestion or skin contact can lead to reduced male fertility, can also cause cancer.

Fipronil is the first benzopyrazole used for pest control. Since its discovery in 1987, it has been widely used in many fields such as agriculture and veterinary medicine, and has become an important insecticide variety. Non prednisolone, trade name regent, is a new type of benzopyrazole insecticide. Compared with traditional insecticides (organophosphorus, pyrethroid and carbamate), it has the advantages of broad spectrum and high efficiency. It has been widely used in many agricultural fields and is a common insecticide for pest control. Fipronil is mainly produced by blocking γ- Aminobutyric acid receptor controlled Cl - channel induces Cl - flow, which causes the nervous system to be extremely excited and leads to the death of insects, so as to achieve the control effect on a variety of economic pests.

Ammonium chloride (chemical formula: NH4Cl) is colorless cubic crystal or white crystal. It tastes salty, cool and slightly bitter. It is easily soluble in water and liquid ammonia and slightly soluble in alcohol, but insoluble in acetone and ether. The aqueous solution is weakly acidic and the acidity increases when heated. Due to the coordination of ammonium ions, the ammonium chloride solution is corrosive to metals, especially copper.