Butanedione (IUPAC system name: 2,3-butanedione, also known as diacetyl) is a natural fermentation by-product. It is an o-diketone (two carbonyl groups are side by side) with molecular formula C4H6O2. Butanedione is often produced naturally in alcoholic beverages and is often used as a food additive to increase the flavor of butter.It is also used to make food flavors, and is the main flavor of cream flavor.