Pharmaceutical Raw Materials

Clemastine Fumarate is a synthetic ethanolamine with anticholinergic, sedative, and histamine H1 antagonistic properties. Clemastine fumarate blocks the H1 histamine receptor and prevents the symptoms that are caused by histamine activity on capillaries, bronchial and gastrointestinal smooth muscles, including vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction, and spasmodic contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscles. This drug also prevents histamine-induced pain and itching of mucous membranes. Clemastine fumarate is the fumaric acid salt of clemastine. An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions. It has a role as a H1-receptor antagonist, an anti-allergic agent, a muscarinic antagonist and an antipruritic drug. It contains a clemastine.

Prasugrel is a thienopyridine antiplatelet drug developed by Eli Lilly and first pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., a Japanese pharmaceutical company. It is a precursor drug. It forms active molecules in the liver after metabolism by cytochrome P450, and binds with platelet P2Y12 receptor to exert antiplatelet aggregation activity. Clinical studies have proved that 60 mg dose of clopidogrel has better anticoagulant effect than 300 mg standard dose and 600 mg increased dose of clopidogrel, which can reduce the comprehensive risk of heart attack, stroke and death due to heart disease by 20%, and has fast effect, good curative effect, good drug resistance and bioavailability, and low toxicity. Prasugrel also has stronger performance than clopidogrel in stable angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome interventional surgery, but the stronger the antiplatelet effect is, the easier it is to cause bleeding. Now the key problem is how to identify the high-risk patients of thrombosis and the high-risk groups of bleeding, so that prasugrel and clopidogrel can be used differently in the two high-risk groups, which can reduce coronary thrombosis and avoid major bleeding.

Anticholinergic drugs have the effects of mydriasis and ciliary muscle anesthesia. They have fast action and short time. They are the first choice for mydriasis in ophthalmology. They are used for mydriasis, fundus examination, optometry, and iridotis.

Sulfametopyrazine are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, which are similar to p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in structure. They can compete with PABA to act on difolate synthetase in bacteria, thus preventing PABA from being used as raw material to synthesize folic acid needed by bacteria, reducing the amount of tetrahydrofolate with metabolic activity, while the latter is to synthesize purine Thymidine and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are essential substances, thus inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria. It is mainly used for acute and chronic urinary tract infection caused by sensitive bacteria.

Epothilone A is an epithilone that is epothilone C in which the double bond in the macrocyclic lactone ring has been oxidised to the corresponding epoxide (the 13R,14S diastereoisomer). It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a tubulin modulator, a metabolite and a microtubule-stabilising agent. It is an epoxide and an epothilone.