Antineoplastic Agents

Cytarabine is a kind of purine nucleoside antiviral drug which is extracted from Streptomyces culture medium and synthesized by chemical method. It is slightly soluble in water, and its monophosphate is easily soluble in water. It can inhibit HSV1 and HSV2, hepatitis B virus, varicella zoster virus and cytomegalovirus, but has no effect on smallpox virus, adenovirus, other DNA or RNA viruses, bacteria and fungi. At present, the exact mechanism of cytosine arabinoside antiviral has not been fully elucidated, which is mainly related to the inhibition of virus replication. Drugs and their metabolites block the synthesis of viral DNA by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase, while drugs only penetrate into viral DNA molecules in a very small amount. Cytarabine is also one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of acute non lymphocytic myeloid leukemia in China.

Gefitinib is a quinazoline epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It inhibits the autophosphorylation of tyrosine kinase domain in EGFR cells by competitive binding to ATP and blocks the transmission of downstream signals, so as to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and promote apoptosis.

This product is an anti-tumor drug.

Antimetabolic drugs. The main indication is acute myeloid leukemia which is ineffective to conventional treatment. It is also used for breast cancer, melanoma, intestinal cancer and so on. The main manifestations of toxicity were leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia. Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions. Symptoms can be improved by continuous infusion for a long time, or antiemetic agents can be used 24 to 48 hours before treatment. Other toxic effects were diarrhea, neuromuscular disorders, fever, hypotension and rash. The preparation is freshly prepared 3-4h before use.

Bendamostine hydrochloride was first developed by ozegowski and his colleagues in the microbial experimental Association in Jena, Germany in the early 1860s. The initial purpose was to connect an alkylated nitrogen mustard (a non effective alkylating agent) with a purine and an amino acid. Compared with nitrogen mustard phenylbutyrate, the main advantage of the newly synthesized compound is its water solubility. It was widely used, but until the end of the cold war, the drug has been carried out in Europe for many single drugs or other drugs for the treatment of various hematological malignancies or non Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, CLL and breast cancer. The clinical effect is very significant, significantly reducing the rate of recurrence and mortality, and has little side effects. Good security. So far, bendamostine hydrochloride single drug or combined treatment has been designated as the first-line or second-line treatment option for a variety of hematological malignancies by European and American clinical guidelines.